相關政策
MANAGEMENT DYNAMICS
發布日期：2017-02-21
來源：國務院辦公廳國辦發〔2017〕19號
各省、自(zi)治區、直轄市人民政(zheng)府，國務院各部委、各直屬機構(gou)：
建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)是國民經濟的支柱產(chan)業(ye)(ye)。改(gai)革開放以(yi)來，我國建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)快(kuai)速發(fa)展，建(jian)造能(neng)力不(bu)(bu)斷增強(qiang)，產(chan)業(ye)(ye)規模不(bu)(bu)斷擴大(da)(da)(da)，吸納了大(da)(da)(da)量農村(cun)轉(zhuan)移(yi)勞動力，帶動了大(da)(da)(da)量關(guan)聯產(chan)業(ye)(ye)，對經濟社(she)會發(fa)展、城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設和民生改(gai)善作出(chu)了重要貢獻。但(dan)也要看到，建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)仍然大(da)(da)(da)而不(bu)(bu)強(qiang)，監管體制(zhi)機制(zhi)不(bu)(bu)健(jian)全(quan)、工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設組織方式落(luo)(luo)后、建(jian)筑(zhu)設計水(shui)平有(you)待(dai)提高、質(zhi)量安全(quan)事故時有(you)發(fa)生、市場(chang)違法違規行為(wei)(wei)較(jiao)多、企業(ye)(ye)核心競爭力不(bu)(bu)強(qiang)、工(gong)人技能(neng)素質(zhi)偏(pian)低(di)等問(wen)題較(jiao)為(wei)(wei)突出(chu)。為(wei)(wei)貫徹落(luo)(luo)實(shi)《中共中央(yang) 國務(wu)(wu)院關(guan)于進(jin)一(yi)步加(jia)強(qiang)城(cheng)市規劃建(jian)設管理工(gong)作的若干(gan)意(yi)見》，進(jin)一(yi)步深化建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)“放管服”改(gai)革，加(jia)快(kuai)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)升級，促進(jin)建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)持續健(jian)康發(fa)展，為(wei)(wei)新(xin)型(xing)城(cheng)鎮化提供支撐，經國務(wu)(wu)院同意(yi)，現提出(chu)以(yi)下意(yi)見：
一、總體(ti)要求
全(quan)面(mian)貫徹黨的(de)(de)十(shi)八大(da)和十(shi)八屆二中(zhong)、三中(zhong)、四(si)中(zhong)、五中(zhong)、六中(zhong)全(quan)會(hui)以及中(zhong)央(yang)經濟(ji)工(gong)作會(hui)議(yi)、中(zhong)央(yang)城(cheng)鎮化(hua)工(gong)作會(hui)議(yi)、中(zhong)央(yang)城(cheng)市(shi)工(gong)作會(hui)議(yi)精(jing)神，深入貫徹習近平總書記系列重要講話精(jing)神和治(zhi)國(guo)理(li)政新(xin)(xin)(xin)理(li)念(nian)新(xin)(xin)(xin)思想新(xin)(xin)(xin)戰略(lve)，認真(zhen)落(luo)實(shi)黨中(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)務(wu)院決(jue)策部署，統籌推進“五位一體(ti)”總體(ti)布(bu)局和協(xie)調推進“四(si)個全(quan)面(mian)”戰略(lve)布(bu)局，牢固(gu)樹(shu)立和貫徹落(luo)實(shi)創新(xin)(xin)(xin)、協(xie)調、綠色、開放(fang)(fang)、共享的(de)(de)發展(zhan)理(li)念(nian)，堅持以推進供(gong)給側結構性改(gai)(gai)革(ge)為主線(xian)，按照適用、經濟(ji)、安全(quan)、綠色、美觀的(de)(de)要求(qiu)，深化(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑業“放(fang)(fang)管服”改(gai)(gai)革(ge)，完善監管體(ti)制機(ji)制，優(you)化(hua)市(shi)場環境，提升工(gong)程(cheng)質量安全(quan)水平，強化(hua)隊伍建(jian)(jian)(jian)設，增強企業核心競爭力(li)，促進建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑業持續健(jian)康發展(zhan)，打造(zao)“中(zhong)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造(zao)”品牌(pai)。
二、深化(hua)建筑(zhu)業簡政放權改革
（一(yi)）優(you)化資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)格(ge)管理。進(jin)一(yi)步簡化工程建(jian)設(she)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質類別和(he)等(deng)級設(she)置，減少(shao)不必要的資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質認(ren)定。選擇部分(fen)地(di)區開展試(shi)點，對信(xin)用(yong)良好、具有相(xiang)(xiang)關專業(ye)(ye)技術(shu)能力、能夠提供(gong)足額擔保(bao)的企(qi)業(ye)(ye)，在其資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)質類別內放寬承攬業(ye)(ye)務(wu)范圍限制(zhi)(zhi)，同時，加(jia)快完善(shan)信(xin)用(yong)體系、工程擔保(bao)及(ji)個人執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)格(ge)等(deng)相(xiang)(xiang)關配套制(zhi)(zhi)度，加(jia)強事中事后監管。強化個人執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)格(ge)管理，明晰注冊(ce)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)人員的權(quan)利、義務(wu)和(he)責任(ren)，加(jia)大(da)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)責任(ren)追究力度。有序發展個人執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)事務(wu)所，推動建(jian)立個人執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)保(bao)險(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)度。大(da)力推行“互聯網+政務(wu)服(fu)務(wu)”，實行“一(yi)站(zhan)式”網上審批(pi)，進(jin)一(yi)步提高(gao)建(jian)筑(zhu)領域行政審批(pi)效率。
（二）完善招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)投(tou)標(biao)(biao)制度。加快修訂《工程(cheng)建設(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)范圍和規模標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)規定》，縮小并嚴格界定必(bi)須進行招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)工程(cheng)建設(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)范圍，放(fang)寬有關(guan)規模標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，防止工程(cheng)建設(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)實行招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)“一刀切(qie)”。在民間投(tou)資的(de)(de)房屋建筑工程(cheng)中(zhong)，探索由(you)建設(she)單(dan)位自主決定發包(bao)方式(shi)。將(jiang)依法必(bi)須招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)工程(cheng)建設(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)納入統(tong)一的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)資源(yuan)交(jiao)易平(ping)臺，遵循公(gong)(gong)平(ping)、公(gong)(gong)正、公(gong)(gong)開和誠信的(de)(de)原(yuan)則，規范招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)投(tou)標(biao)(biao)行為。進一步(bu)簡化(hua)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)投(tou)標(biao)(biao)程(cheng)序，盡快實現(xian)招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)投(tou)標(biao)(biao)交(jiao)易全(quan)過程(cheng)電(dian)子化(hua)，推行網(wang)上異(yi)地評標(biao)(biao)。對依法通(tong)過競(jing)爭性談判或單(dan)一來源(yuan)方式(shi)確定供應(ying)商的(de)(de)政(zheng)府采購工程(cheng)建設(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)，符合相應(ying)條件(jian)的(de)(de)應(ying)當頒(ban)發施(shi)工許可證。
三、完善工程建(jian)設組織(zhi)模式
（三）加(jia)快(kuai)推行工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包。裝配(pei)式(shi)(shi)建筑原則上應(ying)采(cai)用(yong)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)。政(zheng)府投資工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)應(ying)完善建設管理模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)，帶頭推行工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包。加(jia)快(kuai)完善工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包相關的(de)(de)招(zhao)標投標、施工(gong)許可、竣(jun)工(gong)驗收等制(zhi)度規(gui)定。按(an)照總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包負總(zong)(zong)(zong)責(ze)的(de)(de)原則，落(luo)實工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包單位(wei)在工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量安全、進度控制(zhi)、成本管理等方面的(de)(de)責(ze)任。除以暫估價形(xing)式(shi)(shi)包括在工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包范圍內(nei)且依法必須(xu)進行招(zhao)標的(de)(de)項目外(wai)，工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包單位(wei)可以直(zhi)接發包總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包合同(tong)中涵蓋的(de)(de)其他專業業務。
（四）培育全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)。鼓(gu)勵投資咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)、勘察、設計、監(jian)理、招標代理、造(zao)價(jia)等企業(ye)采取聯合經營、并(bing)購重組等方式(shi)發展全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)，培育一(yi)批具有國際水(shui)平(ping)的全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)企業(ye)。制定全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)技術標準(zhun)和合同范本。政(zheng)府投資工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)應帶頭推行全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)，鼓(gu)勵非政(zheng)府投資工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)委托全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)。在民用(yong)建(jian)筑(zhu)項目中，充(chong)分發揮建(jian)筑(zhu)師的主導作(zuo)用(yong)，鼓(gu)勵提供全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)。
四(si)、加強工(gong)程質量(liang)安全管(guan)理
（五）嚴(yan)格落(luo)實工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。全面(mian)落(luo)實各方(fang)主體的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)，特別要(yao)(yao)強化建設(she)單位的(de)(de)首要(yao)(yao)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)勘察、設(she)計、施工(gong)單位的(de)(de)主體責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。嚴(yan)格執行(xing)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量終身責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)制，在建筑(zhu)(zhu)物明顯部位設(she)置(zhi)永久性標牌，公(gong)示(shi)(shi)質(zhi)量責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)主體和(he)(he)主要(yao)(yao)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)人(ren)(ren)。對違(wei)反有關規定(ding)(ding)、造(zao)成工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量事故(gu)的(de)(de)，依法(fa)給(gei)予(yu)責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)單位停業(ye)整頓、降低資(zi)質(zhi)等(deng)(deng)級、吊銷資(zi)質(zhi)證書(shu)等(deng)(deng)行(xing)政處罰(fa)并通過國家(jia)企業(ye)信(xin)(xin)用信(xin)(xin)息公(gong)示(shi)(shi)系統予(yu)以公(gong)示(shi)(shi)，給(gei)予(yu)注冊執業(ye)人(ren)(ren)員暫停執業(ye)、吊銷資(zi)格證書(shu)、一(yi)定(ding)(ding)時間直(zhi)至(zhi)終身不(bu)得進(jin)入行(xing)業(ye)等(deng)(deng)處罰(fa)。對發(fa)生工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量事故(gu)造(zao)成損失的(de)(de)，要(yao)(yao)依法(fa)追(zhui)究經(jing)濟賠償責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)，情節嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)追(zhui)究有關單位和(he)(he)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)法(fa)律責(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。參與房(fang)地產開發(fa)的(de)(de)建筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)企業(ye)應依法(fa)合規經(jing)營，提高住宅品質(zhi)。
（六(liu)）加強(qiang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理。全(quan)面落實安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生產(chan)責(ze)任，加強(qiang)施(shi)工(gong)現場安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)防護，特別要強(qiang)化(hua)對深基坑(keng)、高支(zhi)模、起重(zhong)機械等危險性較(jiao)大(da)的(de)分部分項工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)管(guan)(guan)理，以(yi)及對不良地質(zhi)(zhi)地區重(zhong)大(da)工(gong)程(cheng)項目的(de)風險評估或論(lun)證。推進信(xin)息技術與安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生產(chan)深度(du)融合，加快建設建筑(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)監管(guan)(guan)信(xin)息系統，通(tong)過信(xin)息化(hua)手段加強(qiang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生產(chan)管(guan)(guan)理。建立健(jian)全(quan)全(quan)覆蓋、多層次、經常性的(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)生產(chan)培訓制度(du)，提升(sheng)從業人員安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)素質(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)及各方主體的(de)本質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)水平。
（七(qi)）全面提(ti)高監(jian)管(guan)水平。完善工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)安全法律法規和(he)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)制度，健全企業負責、政府監(jian)管(guan)、社會(hui)監(jian)督(du)的工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)安全保(bao)障(zhang)體(ti)系。強化政府對(dui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)的監(jian)管(guan)，明確(que)監(jian)管(guan)范圍，落實監(jian)管(guan)責任，加(jia)大(da)抽查抽測(ce)力(li)度，重點加(jia)強對(dui)涉及公共安全的工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)地(di)基(ji)基(ji)礎、主體(ti)結(jie)構等(deng)部(bu)(bu)位(wei)和(he)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)驗收(shou)等(deng)環節的監(jian)督(du)檢(jian)(jian)查。加(jia)強工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)督(du)隊(dui)伍建設，監(jian)督(du)機構履行職能所需(xu)經費由同級(ji)財政預算全額保(bao)障(zhang)。政府可采(cai)取購買服(fu)務(wu)的方式(shi)，委托具備條件(jian)的社會(hui)力(li)量(liang)進行工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)督(du)檢(jian)(jian)查。推(tui)進工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)安全標(biao)準化管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，督(du)促(cu)各方主體(ti)健全質(zhi)量(liang)安全管(guan)控機制。強化對(dui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)理(li)(li)(li)的監(jian)管(guan)，選擇部(bu)(bu)分地(di)區(qu)開展監(jian)理(li)(li)(li)單位(wei)向政府報告(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)理(li)(li)(li)情況的試點。加(jia)強工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)檢(jian)(jian)測(ce)機構管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)，嚴厲打擊出具虛假(jia)報告(gao)等(deng)行為(wei)。推(tui)動(dong)發展工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)保(bao)險。
五(wu)、優化建筑市(shi)場環境(jing)
（八）建(jian)立(li)(li)統一開(kai)放市場(chang)(chang)(chang)。打破(po)區域市場(chang)(chang)(chang)準入壁壘(lei)，取消(xiao)各地區、各行(xing)業(ye)在法律、行(xing)政法規(gui)(gui)和國(guo)務(wu)院規(gui)(gui)定外(wai)對建(jian)筑業(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)設(she)置的(de)不(bu)合理準入條件；嚴(yan)禁擅(shan)自(zi)設(she)立(li)(li)或變相設(she)立(li)(li)審(shen)批、備案事項，為建(jian)筑業(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)提(ti)供公(gong)平市場(chang)(chang)(chang)環境。完(wan)善全(quan)(quan)國(guo)建(jian)筑市場(chang)(chang)(chang)監管公(gong)共服務(wu)平臺，加快實現與全(quan)(quan)國(guo)信用信息(xi)共享平臺和國(guo)家企(qi)(qi)業(ye)信用信息(xi)公(gong)示系統的(de)數據共享交(jiao)換。建(jian)立(li)(li)建(jian)筑市場(chang)(chang)(chang)主(zhu)體黑名(ming)單制度(du)，依法依規(gui)(gui)全(quan)(quan)面(mian)公(gong)開(kai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)和個人信用記錄，接受社會(hui)監督。
（九）加強承包(bao)履(lv)約管理(li)。引(yin)導承包(bao)企業以銀行(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)函(han)或擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)公司(si)保(bao)(bao)(bao)函(han)的形式，向建設(she)單位(wei)提供(gong)履(lv)約擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)。對采用常規通用技(ji)術標準的政府投資工(gong)程，在原則上實行(xing)最低價(jia)中標的同時，有(you)效發揮(hui)履(lv)約擔(dan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)的作用，防(fang)止(zhi)惡(e)意(yi)低價(jia)中標，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)工(gong)程投資不超預(yu)算。嚴厲查處轉包(bao)和違法分包(bao)等行(xing)為。完善工(gong)程量(liang)清單計(ji)價(jia)體系和工(gong)程造價(jia)信息發布機(ji)制，形成(cheng)統一的工(gong)程造價(jia)計(ji)價(jia)規則，合理(li)確定和有(you)效控制工(gong)程造價(jia)。
（十）規范工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)價(jia)款(kuan)(kuan)結(jie)(jie)算(suan)。審計(ji)機關應依法(fa)加強對以政府(fu)投資為主的(de)公共工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)項(xiang)目的(de)審計(ji)監督，建(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)位不得(de)將未(wei)完成(cheng)審計(ji)作為延期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)結(jie)(jie)算(suan)、拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)的(de)理(li)(li)由。未(wei)完成(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)(jie)算(suan)的(de)項(xiang)目，有關部門不予辦理(li)(li)產權登記。對長期拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)的(de)單(dan)位不得(de)批準新項(xiang)目開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。嚴格(ge)執行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)預付(fu)(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)制度(du)，及時按合同約(yue)定(ding)足額向承包單(dan)位支付(fu)(fu)預付(fu)(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)。通過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)支付(fu)(fu)擔保(bao)等經濟、法(fa)律手(shou)段約(yue)束建(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)位履約(yue)行(xing)為，預防拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)。
六、提(ti)高從業人員素(su)質
（十一(yi)）加快培(pei)養建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)。積極培(pei)育(yu)既(ji)有國際視野又有民族自(zi)信(xin)的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)師(shi)隊伍。加快培(pei)養熟悉國際規則的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)高(gao)級(ji)管理人(ren)才(cai)(cai)。大力推進(jin)校企合(he)作，培(pei)養建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)才(cai)(cai)。加強工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程現(xian)場(chang)管理人(ren)員(yuan)和建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的教育(yu)培(pei)訓(xun)。健(jian)全建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)能(neng)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)體系，全面實施(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)能(neng)鑒定制度。發展一(yi)批建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)技(ji)能(neng)鑒定機構，開展建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)技(ji)能(neng)評價工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。通過制定施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場(chang)技(ji)能(neng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)基(ji)本配備標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、發布各個技(ji)能(neng)等(deng)級(ji)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種的人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本信(xin)息等(deng)方式，引導(dao)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資分配向關鍵技(ji)術(shu)技(ji)能(neng)崗位傾(qing)斜。大力弘揚(yang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)匠精神，培(pei)養高(gao)素質建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)，到2020年(nian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中級(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)能(neng)水(shui)平以上的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)數量達(da)到300萬(wan)，2025年(nian)達(da)到1000萬(wan)。
（十二）改革建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)用工(gong)(gong)制度。推(tui)動建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)勞(lao)務(wu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉型，大力(li)發展木工(gong)(gong)、電工(gong)(gong)、砌(qi)筑(zhu)(zhu)、鋼筋制作(zuo)等(deng)以作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)主的(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)主要載體(ti)，逐步(bu)實現建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)公司化(hua)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化(hua)管理(li)(li)。鼓勵(li)現有專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進一步(bu)做專(zhuan)(zhuan)做精(jing)，增強(qiang)競爭力(li)，推(tui)動形成一批以作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)主的(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。促進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)向技(ji)(ji)術工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)轉型，著力(li)穩定(ding)和擴(kuo)大建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。建(jian)(jian)立全(quan)(quan)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)管理(li)(li)服務(wu)信息平臺(tai)，開展建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)實名制管理(li)(li)，記錄(lu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)身份信息、培訓情況、職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)、從業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)記錄(lu)等(deng)信息，逐步(bu)實現全(quan)(quan)覆蓋。
（十三）保(bao)(bao)護工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)合(he)(he)法權益。全(quan)面(mian)落實(shi)(shi)勞(lao)動合(he)(he)同(tong)制度(du)，加大(da)(da)監察力(li)度(du)，督促施工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)與招用的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)依法簽訂勞(lao)動合(he)(he)同(tong)，到2020年基本實(shi)(shi)現(xian)勞(lao)動合(he)(he)同(tong)全(quan)覆(fu)蓋。健全(quan)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)支付(fu)(fu)保(bao)(bao)障制度(du)，按(an)照(zhao)誰用工(gong)(gong)誰負(fu)責(ze)(ze)和總承包負(fu)總責(ze)(ze)的(de)(de)原則，落實(shi)(shi)企業工(gong)(gong)資(zi)支付(fu)(fu)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)，依法按(an)月足額發放工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)。將(jiang)存在(zai)拖(tuo)欠工(gong)(gong)資(zi)行為(wei)的(de)(de)企業列入黑名單，對其采取限制市場準(zhun)入等懲戒措施，情(qing)節嚴(yan)重的(de)(de)降低資(zi)質(zhi)等級。建(jian)立健全(quan)與建(jian)筑(zhu)業相(xiang)適應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)社(she)會保(bao)(bao)險參保(bao)(bao)繳費方式，大(da)(da)力(li)推進建(jian)筑(zhu)施工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)參加工(gong)(gong)傷保(bao)(bao)險。施工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)應(ying)(ying)履行社(she)會責(ze)(ze)任(ren)，不斷改善建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作環(huan)境，提升(sheng)職(zhi)業健康(kang)水平(ping)，促進建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)穩定就業。
七、推進建筑(zhu)產業(ye)現代(dai)化
（十四）推(tui)廣智能(neng)(neng)和裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)式(shi)(shi)建筑(zhu)(zhu)。堅持標準化(hua)(hua)設(she)計、工(gong)廠化(hua)(hua)生產(chan)、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)化(hua)(hua)施工(gong)、一體化(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)修、信(xin)息化(hua)(hua)管理(li)、智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)應(ying)用，推(tui)動建造方式(shi)(shi)創新(xin)(xin)，大(da)力(li)(li)發展裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)式(shi)(shi)混凝(ning)土和鋼(gang)結構建筑(zhu)(zhu)，在具備條件的(de)(de)地方倡導(dao)發展現(xian)(xian)代木結構建筑(zhu)(zhu)，不斷提高(gao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)式(shi)(shi)建筑(zhu)(zhu)在新(xin)(xin)建建筑(zhu)(zhu)中的(de)(de)比(bi)例。力(li)(li)爭用10年左右的(de)(de)時間(jian)，使裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)式(shi)(shi)建筑(zhu)(zhu)占新(xin)(xin)建建筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積的(de)(de)比(bi)例達到(dao)30%。在新(xin)(xin)建建筑(zhu)(zhu)和既有建筑(zhu)(zhu)改造中推(tui)廣普及智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)應(ying)用，完善智能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)系統運行維護機制，實(shi)現(xian)(xian)建筑(zhu)(zhu)舒適安全、節能(neng)(neng)高(gao)效(xiao)。
（十五）提升建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計水平。建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計應(ying)(ying)體(ti)現地域(yu)特(te)征、民族特(te)點和時代風貌(mao)，突出建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)使用(yong)功能(neng)及(ji)節(jie)能(neng)、節(jie)水、節(jie)地、節(jie)材和環保等(deng)要求，提供功能(neng)適用(yong)、經濟合(he)理、安全可靠(kao)、技術先(xian)進、環境協(xie)調(diao)的建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計產(chan)品(pin)。健全適應(ying)(ying)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計特(te)點的招(zhao)標(biao)投標(biao)制度，推行設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計團隊招(zhao)標(biao)、設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計方(fang)案招(zhao)標(biao)等(deng)方(fang)式。促(cu)進國內外建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計企業公平競爭(zheng)，培育有(you)國際競爭(zheng)力的建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計隊伍。倡導開展建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)評論，促(cu)進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)(she)計理念的融(rong)合(he)和升華。
（十(shi)六(liu)）加強技(ji)術研(yan)發(fa)(fa)應(ying)用(yong)。加快先進建(jian)(jian)造設備(bei)、智能設備(bei)的研(yan)發(fa)(fa)、制造和(he)(he)推廣應(ying)用(yong)，提(ti)升各類(lei)施(shi)工機(ji)具的性能和(he)(he)效率，提(ti)高(gao)機(ji)械化施(shi)工程度(du)。限制和(he)(he)淘汰落后、危險工藝(yi)工法(fa)，保障生產(chan)施(shi)工安全。積(ji)極支持(chi)建(jian)(jian)筑業科研(yan)工作(zuo)，大幅提(ti)高(gao)技(ji)術創新對(dui)產(chan)業發(fa)(fa)展的貢獻率。加快推進建(jian)(jian)筑信(xin)息(xi)模型（BIM）技(ji)術在規(gui)劃、勘察(cha)、設計、施(shi)工和(he)(he)運營維護全過程的集(ji)成(cheng)應(ying)用(yong)，實(shi)現工程建(jian)(jian)設項目(mu)全生命周期數據(ju)共享和(he)(he)信(xin)息(xi)化管理(li)，為項目(mu)方案優化和(he)(he)科學(xue)決(jue)策(ce)提(ti)供(gong)依據(ju)，促進建(jian)(jian)筑業提(ti)質(zhi)增效。
（十七）完善工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。整(zheng)合精簡強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，適度提(ti)高(gao)安全(quan)、質(zhi)量(liang)、性(xing)能、健康、節能等強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)指標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)要求，逐步提(ti)高(gao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)水(shui)平。積(ji)極(ji)培育團體(ti)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，鼓(gu)勵具備相應能力的行業(ye)(ye)協會(hui)、產業(ye)(ye)聯盟等主體(ti)共同制(zhi)定滿足(zu)市(shi)場和(he)創新(xin)需要的標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，建(jian)立強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)與團體(ti)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)相結合的標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)供給體(ti)制(zhi)，增加標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)有效供給。及時開(kai)展標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)復審，加快標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)修訂，提(ti)高(gao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的時效性(xing)。加強(qiang)科(ke)技(ji)研發與標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)定的信(xin)息溝(gou)通，建(jian)立全(quan)國工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)專家(jia)委員會(hui)，為(wei)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)設標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化工(gong)作提(ti)供技(ji)術(shu)支撐，提(ti)高(gao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)水(shui)平。
八(ba)、加快(kuai)建筑(zhu)業(ye)企業(ye)“走出去(qu)”
（十八）加(jia)強中(zhong)(zhong)外(wai)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)銜(xian)接。積極開展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)外(wai)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)對(dui)比研(yan)究，適應國(guo)際(ji)通行的標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)內容結構(gou)、要素指標(biao)(biao)和(he)相關術(shu)語，縮小中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)與國(guo)外(wai)先(xian)進標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的技(ji)術(shu)差距。加(jia)大(da)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)外(wai)文版翻譯和(he)宣傳推廣(guang)力度，以(yi)“一(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)路”戰略為引領，優先(xian)在對(dui)外(wai)投資(zi)、技(ji)術(shu)輸出和(he)援建(jian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目中(zhong)(zhong)推廣(guang)應用。積極參加(jia)國(guo)際(ji)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)認證、交(jiao)流等活動，開展(zhan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的雙邊合作。到2025年，實現工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設國(guo)家(jia)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)全部有外(wai)文版。
（十九(jiu)）提高(gao)對(dui)外(wai)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)能力。統籌協調建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)“走出去”，充分發揮(hui)(hui)我國(guo)建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在高(gao)鐵(tie)、公路、電力、港口、機(ji)場、油氣長輸(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)、高(gao)層建(jian)筑等工(gong)程建(jian)設方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)比(bi)較優(you)勢，有目標、有重(zhong)點、有組織地(di)對(dui)外(wai)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)工(gong)程，參與“一帶(dai)一路”建(jian)設。建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)要加(jia)大對(dui)國(guo)際(ji)(ji)標準(zhun)的(de)(de)研究(jiu)力度，積極適應國(guo)際(ji)(ji)標準(zhun)，加(jia)強對(dui)外(wai)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)工(gong)程質量、履約等方(fang)面(mian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)，在援外(wai)住房等民生項(xiang)目中發揮(hui)(hui)積極作用(yong)。鼓勵大企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)帶(dai)動中小企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、沿海沿邊地(di)區企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)合作“出海”，積極有序開拓國(guo)際(ji)(ji)市場，避免惡性競爭。引導對(dui)外(wai)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)工(gong)程企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)向項(xiang)目融資(zi)、設計(ji)咨詢、后續運營維(wei)護管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)等高(gao)附加(jia)值的(de)(de)領域有序拓展。推動企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)提高(gao)屬地(di)化經(jing)營水平，實(shi)現(xian)與所在國(guo)家和(he)地(di)區互利共贏。
（二十）加(jia)大(da)政策扶持(chi)(chi)力度。加(jia)強建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)“走出去”相關主管部門間(jian)的溝通協(xie)調和信息共享。到2025年，與大(da)部分(fen)“一帶(dai)一路”沿線國(guo)家和地區(qu)簽訂雙邊(bian)工程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設合作(zuo)備忘錄，同(tong)時(shi)爭取在雙邊(bian)自貿協(xie)定中(zhong)納入(ru)相關內容，推進建(jian)(jian)設領域執業(ye)資格國(guo)際互認。綜合發揮(hui)各類金融(rong)工具的作(zuo)用，重點支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)對(dui)外經(jing)濟(ji)合作(zuo)中(zhong)建(jian)(jian)筑領域的重大(da)戰略項目。借鑒國(guo)際通行的項目融(rong)資模(mo)式(shi)，按(an)照風險(xian)可控、商業(ye)可持(chi)(chi)續原則，加(jia)大(da)對(dui)建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)“走出去”的金融(rong)支(zhi)持(chi)(chi)力度。
各(ge)地(di)區(qu)、各(ge)部門要高度重視深化建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)改(gai)革工(gong)作，健全工(gong)作機制，明(ming)確(que)任務分(fen)工(gong)，及時研究解決建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)改(gai)革發展中的(de)(de)重大問題，完(wan)善相(xiang)關(guan)政策，確(que)保按期完(wan)成(cheng)各(ge)項改(gai)革任務。加快推動(dong)修訂(ding)建(jian)(jian)筑法(fa)、招標投(tou)標法(fa)等法(fa)律，完(wan)善相(xiang)關(guan)法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)(gui)。充分(fen)發揮協會商會熟悉行(xing)業(ye)、貼近(jin)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)優勢，及時反(fan)(fan)映企(qi)業(ye)訴求，反(fan)(fan)饋政策落實情況，發揮好(hao)規(gui)(gui)范行(xing)業(ye)秩(zhi)序(xu)、建(jian)(jian)立(li)從業(ye)人(ren)員行(xing)為準則、促進企(qi)業(ye)誠信經營等方面(mian)的(de)(de)自律作用。
國務院(yuan)辦公(gong)廳(ting)
2017年(nian)2月(yue)21日
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